The Geneva Convention of 1864 for the Amelioration of the
Condition of the Wounded and Sick of Armies in the Field
was adopted by 12 nations meeting in Geneva.

The agreement, advocated by Swiss humanitarian Jean-
Henri Dunant, called for nonpartisan care to the sick and
wounded in times of war and provided for the neutrality
of medical personnel. It also proposed the use of an
international emblem to mark medical personnel and
supplies.

In honor of Dunant’s nationality, a red cross on a white
background—the Swiss flag in reverse—was chosen. The
organization became known as the International Committee
of the Red Cross. In 1901, Dunant was awarded the first
Nobel Peace Prize.

The signing of the first Geneva Convention.

(8 May 1828 – 30 October 1910)