Orson Welles was only 23 years old when his Mercury Theater
company decided to update H.G. Wells’s 19th-century science
fiction novel The War of the Worlds for national radio. Despite
his age, Welles had been in radio for several years, most notably
as the voice of “The Shadow” in the hit mystery program of the
same name. “War of the Worlds” was not planned as a radio
hoax, and Welles had little idea of how legendary it would
eventually become.

The show began on Sunday, October 30, at 8 p.m. A voice
announced: “The Columbia Broadcasting System and its
affiliated stations present Orson Welles and the Mercury
Theater on the air in ‘War of the Worlds’ by H.G. Wells.”

Sunday evening in 1938 was prime-time in the golden age of
radio, and millions of Americans had their radios turned on.

But most of these Americans were listening to ventriloquist
Edgar Bergen and his dummy “Charlie McCarthy” on NBC
and only turned to CBS at 8:12 p.m. after the comedy sketch
ended and a little-known singer went on. By then, the story
of the Martian invasion was well underway.

The radio play was extremely realistic, with Welles employing sophisticated sound effects and his actors doing an excellent
job portraying terrified announcers and other characters. An
announcer reported that widespread panic had broken out in
the vicinity of the landing sites, with thousands desperately
trying to flee.

George Orson Welles (May 6, 1915 – October 10, 1985)