The phonograph was invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison,
Alexander Graham Bell‘s Volta Laboratory made several
improvements in the 1880s and introduced the graphophone,
including the use of wax-coated cardboard cylinders and a
cutting stylus that moved from side to side in a zigzag groove
around the record. In the 1890s, Emile Berliner initiated the
transition from phonograph cylinders to flat discs with a spiral
groove running from the periphery to near the center, coining
the term gramophone for disc record players.

Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931)