
On November 18, 1978, Peoples Temple founder Jim Jones
lead hundreds of his followers in a mass murder-suicide at
their agricultural commune in a remote part of the South
American nation of Guyana.
Many of Jones’ followers willingly ingested a poison-laced
punch while others were forced to do so at gunpoint.
The final death toll at Jonestown that day was 909; a third
of those who perished were children.
James Warren Jones
(May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978)

On November 17, 2003, the actor and former bodybuilder
Arnold Schwarzenegger was sworn in as the 38th governor
of California at the State Capitol in Sacramento.
Schwarzenegger, who became a major Hollywood star in
the 1980s with such action movies as Conan the Barbarian
and The Terminator, defeated Governor Gray Davis in a
special recall election on October 7, 2003.
Prior to Schwarzenegger, another famous actor, Ronald
Reagan, served as the 33rd governor of California from
1967 to 1975 before going on to become the nation’s
40th president in 1980.

Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger is 78.
The Suez Canal, connecting the Mediterranean and the Red
seas, was inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony attended
by French Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III.
In 1854, Ferdinand de Lesseps, the former French consul
to Cairo, secured an agreement with the Ottoman governor
of Egypt to build a canal 100 miles across the Isthmus of
Suez.
An international team of engineers drew up a construction
plan, and in 1856 the Suez Canal Company was formed and
granted the right to operate the canal for 99 years after
completion of the work.
Construction began in April 1859, and at first digging was
done by hand with picks and shovels wielded by forced
laborers.
Later, European workers with dredgers and steam shovels
arrived. Labor disputes and a cholera epidemic slowed
construction, and the Suez Canal was not completed until
1869–four years behind schedule.
On November 17, 1869, the Suez Canal was opened to
navigation. Ferdinand de Lesseps would later attempt,
unsuccessfully, to build a canal across the Isthmus of
Panama.
Empress Eugénie (1826 – 1920)






Beginning as a radio show in the early 1950s, Mr. Moon
became one of the most popular kid shows in Portland,
Oregon.
Mr. Moon debuted on November 16, 1953 one month
after KOIN TV went on the air, and just over a year
after television came to Portland. The show aired
until 1958.
Wearing the Mr. Moon mask was radio disc
jockey Ed Leahy (1924 – 1989).
Mr. Moon with his puppet cast including Mrs. Cow, Kitty,
Sam and Harry the Heron.