Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826)
Founding Father Thomas Jefferson served as the third president
of the United States from 1801 to 1809 was the primary author of
the Declaration of Independence.
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and Thomas
Jefferson reviewing the Declaration of
Independence in 1776.
An armed group of white supremacists attacked a courthouse
guarded by a mostly-Black militia in the town of Colfax,
Louisiana on April 13, 1873. A bloodbath ensued, as the
militia surrendered and the white supremacists carried out a
day-long campaign of terror that came to be known as the
Colfax Massacre.
Apollo13 – view of the crippled Service Module after
separation.
On April 13, 1970, disaster struck 200,000 miles from Earth
when oxygen tank No. 2 blew up on Apollo 13, the third
manned lunar landing mission. Astronauts James A. Lovell,
John L. Swigert, and Fred W. Haise had left Earth two days
before for the Fra Mauro highlands of the moon but were
forced to turn their attention to simply making it home alive.
A routine stir of an oxygen tank ignited damaged wire
insulation inside it, causing an explosion that vented the
contents of both of the SM’s oxygen tanks to space.
Without oxygen, needed for breathing and for generating
electric power, the SM’s propulsion and life support systems
could not operate. The CM’s systems had to be shut down
to conserve its remaining resources for reentry, forcing the
crew to transfer to the LM as a lifeboat. With the lunar landing
canceled, mission controllers worked to bring the crew home
alive.
At NASA Mission Control in Houston’s Manned Spacecraft Center, Donald K. "Deke" Slayton, left, director of flight
crew operations, holds lithium hydroxide canisters attached
to a hose, a makeshift repair to reduce the dangerous levels
of carbon dioxide aboard the crippled spacecraft Apollo 13.
