Boris Leonidovich Pasternak
(29 January] 1890 – 30 May 1960)
On October 23, 1958, Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel
Prize for Literature for Doctor Zhivago, his romantic novel set
against the backdrop of the Russian Revolution.
The book was banned in the Soviet Union, and the Soviet
government forced the author to renounce the honor.
![Doctor Zhivago, by Boris Pasternak [pdf] | Makao Bora](https://i1.wp.com/www.makaobora.co.ke/bora/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Doctor-Zhivago-by-Boris-Pasternak.jpg?fit=800%2C1200)
The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in Stockholm, Sweden, in
the fields of physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace
on December 10, 1901.
The ceremony came on the fifth anniversary of the death of
Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor of dynamite and other high explosives. In his will, Nobel directed that the bulk of his vast
fortune be placed in a fund in which the interest would be
“annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who, during
the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind.”
Although Nobel offered no public reason for his creation of the
prizes, it is widely believed that he did so out of moral regret
over the increasingly lethal uses of his inventions in war.
First award ceremony at the Royal Swedish Academy of
Music.
Swedish chemist Alfred Bernhard Nobel
(21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896)
The Geneva Convention of 1864 for the Amelioration of the
Condition of the Wounded and Sick of Armies in the Field
was adopted by 12 nations meeting in Geneva.
The agreement, advocated by Swiss humanitarian Jean-Henri
Dunant, called for nonpartisan care to the sick and wounded
in times of war and provided for the neutrality of medical
personnel. It also proposed the use of an international emblem
to mark medical personnel and supplies.
In honor of Dunant’s nationality, a red cross on a white
background—the Swiss flag in reverse—was chosen. The
organization became known as the International Committee
of the Red Cross. In 1901, Dunant was awarded the first
Nobel Peace Prize.
Henry Dunant (born Jean-Henri Dunant)
(8 May 1828 – 30 October 1910)
On May 6, 1940, John Steinbeck was awarded the Pulitzer Prize
for his novel The Grapes of Wrath.
The book traces the fictional Joad family of Oklahoma as they
lose their family farm and move to California in search of a
better life.
One of Steinbeck’s most effective works of social commentary,
the novel also won the National Book Award.
John Ernst Steinbeck Jr.
(February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968)
JOHN BELMONT
John Winston Lennon
(9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980)
Lennon was an English singer, songwriter, musician and peace
activist who achieved worldwide fame as the founder, co-
songwriter, co-lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the
Beatles. His songwriting partnership with Paul McCartney
remains the most successful in history,
