CAMILLE BOHANNON

On November 26, 1941, Adm. Chuichi Nagumo lead the
Japanese First Air Fleet, an aircraft carrier strike force,
toward Pearl Harbor, with the understanding that should
“negotiations with the United States reach a successful
conclusion, the task force will immediately put about
and return to the homeland.”

Negotiations had been ongoing for months. Japan
wanted an end to U.S. economic sanctions.       

       
The Americans wanted Japan out of China and
Southeast Asia-and to repudiate the Tripartite “Axis”
Pact with Germany and Italy as conditions to be met
before those sanctions could be lifted.

Neither side was budging. President Roosevelt and
Secretary of State Cordell Hull were anticipating a
Japanese strike as  retaliation—they just didn’t
know where.     

 
Adm. Chūichi Nagumo (1887 – 1944)

Franklin Delano Roosevelt^[
(January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945)

Cordell Hull
(October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955)

HONOLULU (AP) — Warren ‘Red’ Upton, the oldest living
survivor of the 1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and
the last remaining survivor of the USS Utah, has died. He
was 105. 

Kathleen Farley, of the California state chair of the Sons
and Daughters of Pearl Harbor Survivors said Upton died
Wednesday at a hospital in Los Gatos, California, after
suffering a bout of pneumonia.

The Utah, a battleship, was moored at Pearl Harbor when
Japanese planes began bombing the Hawaii naval base 
in the early hours of Dec. 7, 1941, the attack propelled
the U.S. into World War II.

Pearl Harbor survivors, Ken Stevens, 102, of Powers, Ore.,
left, and Ira "Ike" Schab, 104, of Beaverton, Ore., wait for
the start of the 83rd Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day
ceremony, Saturday, Dec. 7, 2024, in Honolulu. (AP Photo/Mengshin Lin)

PEARL HARBOR, Hawaii (AP) — Ira “Ike” Schab, a 104-year-old
Pearl Harbor attack survivor, spent six weeks in physical therapy
to build the strength to stand and salute during a remembrance ceremony honoring those killed in the Japanese bombing that
thrust the U.S. into World War II some 83 years ago.

On Saturday, Schab gingerly rose from his wheelchair and raised
his right hand, returning a salute delivered by sailors standing
on a destroyer and a submarine passing by in the harbor.

“He’s been working hard because this is his goal,” said his
daughter, Kimberlee Heinrichs, who traveled to Hawaii with
Schab from their Beaverton, Oregon, home so they could
attend the ceremony. “He wanted to be able to stand for that.”

The USS Arizona Memorial is seen before a ceremony to
mark the 83rd anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Saturday, Dec. 7, 2024, in Honolulu.
(AP Photo/Mengshin Lin)

The number of Pearl  Harbor  survivors has
now dwindled to 16 living.