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On November 26, 1941, Adm. Chuichi Nagumo lead the
Japanese First Air Fleet, an aircraft carrier strike force,
toward Pearl Harbor, with the understanding that should
“negotiations with the United States reach a successful
conclusion, the task force will immediately put about
and return to the homeland.”
Negotiations had been ongoing for months. Japan
wanted an end to U.S. economic sanctions.
The Americans wanted Japan out of China and
Southeast Asia-and to repudiate the Tripartite “Axis”
Pact with Germany and Italy as conditions to be met
before those sanctions could be lifted.
Neither side was budging. President Roosevelt and
Secretary of State Cordell Hull were anticipating a
Japanese strike as retaliation—they just didn’t
know where.
Adm. Chūichi Nagumo (1887 – 1944)
Franklin Delano Roosevelt[
(January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945)
Cordell Hull
(October 2, 1871 – July 23, 1955)

On November 17, 2003, the actor and former bodybuilder
Arnold Schwarzenegger was sworn in as the 38th governor
of California at the State Capitol in Sacramento.
Schwarzenegger, who became a major Hollywood star in
the 1980s with such action movies as Conan the Barbarian
and The Terminator, defeated Governor Gray Davis in a
special recall election on October 7, 2003.
Prior to Schwarzenegger, another famous actor, Ronald
Reagan, served as the 33rd governor of California from
1967 to 1975 before going on to become the nation’s
40th president in 1980.

Arnold Alois Schwarzenegger is 78.
John F. Kennedy, 43, becomes the youngest man ever to
be elected president of the United States, narrowly beating
Republican Vice President Richard Nixon. He was also the
first Catholic to become president.

