On this day in 1831, Charles Darwin (above) set out on a voyage to the Pacific aboard the HMS Beagle. Darwin’s discoveries during the voyage helped him form the basis of his theories on evolution.
The British naval vessel HMS Beagle.
James Barrie’s play "Peter Pan" premiered in London on this day in 1904.
Sir James Matthew Barrie, 1st Baronet (May 9, 1860 – June 19, 1937)
On this day in 1776, Gen. George Washington and his troops crossed the Delaware River for a surprise attack against Hessian forces at Trenton, NJ.
At The Battle of Trenton, after a brief struggle, nearly the entire Hessian force was captured, with negligible losses to American forces.
The above historical marker is near the very spot the Continental Army soldiers under George Washington’s command would have disembarked from their boats to begin their march to Trenton.
"Silent Night" was performed for the first time, at the Church of St. Nikolaus (above) in Oberndorff, Austria on this day in 1818.
Shown above is the only surviving autograph of the song by Joseph Mohr (below).
Josephus Franciscus Mohr (December 11, 1792 – December 4, 1848)
Josephus Mohr was an Austrian Roman Catholic priest and lyricist. He wrote the lyrics of the Christmas carol (English: ‘Silent Night’).
Jefferson Davis died in New Orleans on this day in 1889. He was the first and only president of the Confederate States of America and the highest ranking confederate leader of the South.
On this day in 1957, America’s first attempt at putting a satellite into orbit failed when the Vanguard TV-3 launch vehicle lost thrust after lift-off and exploded on the launch pad at Cape Canaveral, FL. The launch was in response to the Soviet Union’s orbiting of Sputnik l.
On this day in 1955, Rosa Parks, a black seamstress in Montgomery, AL, refused to give up her seat to a white man. Mrs. Parks was arrested marking a milestone in the civil rights movement in the U.S.
The bus, restored to the 1955 condition of Ms. Parks’ historic ride, is located in the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan.
Rosa Louise McCauley Parks(February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005)
Heywood "Woody" Allen (Allan Stewart Konigsberg) is 83 today.
Iconic writer and director Woody Allen is known for his unique blend of comedy and style. His most celebrated films include Annie Hall (1977), Manhattan (1979), Hannah and Her Sisters (1986), Deconstructing Harry (1997), and Midnight in Paris (2011). He performed card and magic tricks in his youth and underwent the legal process of changing his name to Heywood Allen when he was 17.