On October 1, 1890, an act of Congress created Yosemite National
Park, home of such natural wonders as Half Dome and the giant
sequoia trees. Environmental trailblazer John Muir (1838-1914)
and his colleagues campaigned for the congressional action,
which was signed into law by President Benjamin Harrison and
paved the way for generations of hikers, campers and nature
lovers, along with countless “Don’t Feed the Bears” signs.

Benjamin Harrison
(August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901)

John Muir 
(April 21, 1838 – December 24, 1914)

Riding through a giant sequoia tree.

For the first time in U.S. history, a debate between major party presidential candidates was shown on television.

The presidential hopefuls, John F. Kennedy, a Democratic senator
of Massachusetts, and Richard M. Nixon, the vice president of the
United States, met in a Chicago studio to discuss U.S. domestic
matters.

Kennedy emerged the apparent winner from this first of four
televised debates, partly owing to his greater ease before the
camera than Nixon, who, unlike Kennedy, seemed nervous and
declined to wear makeup.

Under escort from the U.S. Army’s 101st Airborne Division, nine
Black students entered all-white Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas on September 25, 1957. Three weeks earlier, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus had surrounded the school with National
Guard troops to prevent its federal court-ordered racial integration.

After a tense standoff, President Dwight D. Eisenhower federalized
the Arkansas National Guard and sent 1,000 army paratroopers to
Little Rock to enforce the court order.

Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower
(October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969)

The Judiciary Act of 1789 was passed by Congress and signed
by President George Washington, establishing the Supreme
Court of the United States as a tribunal made up of six justices
who were to serve on the court until death or retirement.

That day, President Washington nominated John Jay to preside
as chief justice, and John Rutledge, William Cushing, John Blair,
Robert Harrison and James Wilson to be associate justices. On September 26, all six appointments were confirmed by the U.S.
Senate.

On September 22, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln issued a
preliminary Emancipation Proclamation in the midst of the
Civil War , which set a date for the freedom of more than 3
million enslaved in the United States and would also recast
the Civil War as a fight against slavery.

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