The Judiciary Act of 1789 was passed by Congress and signed
by President George Washington, establishing the Supreme
Court of the United States as a tribunal made up of six justices
who were to serve on the court until death or retirement.

That day, President Washington nominated John Jay to preside
as chief justice, and John Rutledge, William Cushing, John Blair,
Robert Harrison and James Wilson to be associate justices. On September 26, all six appointments were confirmed by the U.S.
Senate.

GEORGE WASHINGTON (1732 – 1799)

John Jay ( 1745 – May 17, 1829)

  
MIKE GRACIA

   
Ringo Starr (Sir Richard Starkey) the former
drummer with The Beatles is 84 today.

TIM MAGUIRE

The concept of "Miranda rights" was enshrined in U.S. law following
the 1966 Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court decision, which found
that the Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights of Ernesto Arturo Miranda
had been violated during his arrest and trial for armed robbery, kidnapping, and rape of a young woman.

Miranda was subsequently retried and convicted.

On January 31, 1976, a fight erupted at the Amapola Bar at 233
South 2nd Street in downtown Phoenix in which Miranda was
stabbed. He was pronounced dead on arrival at Banner Good
Samaritan Medical Center. He was 34.

The grave of Ernesto Arturo Miranda in the City of Mesa Cemetery.

Racial segregation in public schools and the controversial
concept of "separate but equal" were unanimously declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme Court on this
day in history, May 17, 1954.

The high court ruled 9-0 in favor of the plaintiffs in the famous
landmark case of Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka, 
Kansas.        

Linda Brown (far left) with parents Leola and Oliver and little sister Terry in front of their house in Kansas. The Browns
sued the Kansas Board of Education when young Linda
wasn’t allowed to go to an unsegregated school.

Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren oversaw the high court’s 9-0 decision in the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case.

Topeka, Kansas is home to the Brown v. Board of Education National Historic Site.

SANDY KOZEL

James Joseph Brown (May 3, 1933 – December 25, 2006)

“Soul Brother #1,”The Godfather of Soul,” “Mr. Dynamite,” “Sex Machine,” “The Minister of the New New Super Heavy Funk.”

These are some of the names by which the world would eventually
know James Joseph Brown, Jr., the revolutionary musical figure
who was born on May 3, 1933. The story Brown himself would
often tell is that he appeared stillborn when he first came into
the world, but that an aunt attending his birth managed to breathe
life into him.