Under federal troop escort, the Little Rock Nine were escorted back
into Central High School for their first full day of classes. 
 

Under escort from the U.S. Army’s 101st Airborne Division, nine black
students entered an all-white High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Three
weeks earlier, Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus had surrounded the
school with National Guard troops to prevent its federal court-ordered
racial integration. After a tense standoff, President Dwight Eisenhower
federalized the Arkansas National Guard and sent 1,000 army troops
to Little Rock to enforce the court order.

President Dwight D. Eisenhower delivering a special broadcast on
the Little Rock situation.

First meeting of the United States Supreme Court, Feb. 1790.

The Judiciary Act of 1789 is passed by Congress and signed by President
George Washington, establishing the Supreme Court of the United States
as a tribunal made up of six justices who were to serve on the court until
death or retirement. That day, President Washington nominated John Jay
to preside as chief justice, and John Rutledge, William Cushing, John Blair,
Robert Harrison, and James Wilson to be associate justices. On September
26, all six appointments were confirmed by the U.S. Senate.

John Jay (December 23, 1745 – May 17, 1829)

FIRST Chief Justice of the United States
In office September 26, 1789 – June 29, 1795

   
    
    
    
    
   
The Old Royal Exchange, in New York City, where the first
meeting of the Court was held in February 1790, though
with no cases to hear.

 
First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation by President
Lincoln. (Painted by Francis Carpenter)

On September 22, 1862, President Abraham Lincoln issues a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which sets a date of January 1, 1863 for the
freedom of more than 3 million black slaves in the United States and
recasts the Civil War as a fight against slavery.

When the Civil War broke out in 1861, shortly after Lincoln’s inauguration
as America’s 16th president, he maintained that the war was about
restoring the Union and not about slavery. He avoided issuing an anti-
slavery proclamation immediately, despite the urgings of abolitionists
and radical Republicans, as well as his personal belief that slavery was
morally repugnant. Instead, Lincoln chose to move cautiously until he
could gain wide support from the public for such a measure.

President Lincoln signing the Emancipation
Proclamation.

The five page original document, held in the National Archives
Building. Until 1936 it had been bound with other proclamations
in a large volume held by the Department of State.

SANDY KOZEL

Horror author Stephen Edwin King is 72 today.

  
1980                                  1990

President Bill Clinton lies about his relationship with Monica
Lewinsky during his televised testimony before a grand jury.  

After President James A. Garfield was assassinated by Charles J. Guiteau, Chester A. Arthur takes the oath of office as the 21st
president of the United States of America.

Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886)
Presidential Term: September 19, 1881 – March 4, 1885